Charles spiro



(No Model.) 2 Sheets-Sheet I.

0. SPIRO. TYPE WRITING MAGHINB.

No. 454,080. Patented June 16,1891.

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(No Model.) v 2 sheets-sheen 2.

C. SPIRO.

TIPI: WRITING MACHINE.

No. 454,080. PatentedJune 16,1891. 2114. .5.

6. f/e. @f5/m43 ///md am@ UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

CHARLES SPIRO, OF NEV YORK, N. Y.

TYPE-WRITlNG MAcHlNE.

SPECIFICATIONforming part of Letters Patent No. 454,080, dated June 16, 1891. Application tiled September 9, 1890. Serial No. 364,366. (No model.) y

To all whom t may concern:

Be it known that I, CHARLES SPIRO, a citizen of the United States, residing'at New York, in the county of New" York, State of New York, have invented cert-ain new and useful Improvements in Type-Writing Machines, of which the following is' a specification, reference being had therein to the accompanying drawings.

This invention has relation to an improvement in type-writing machines; and the objects and advantages of the same will be hereinafter specified, While its novel features are particularly pointed out in the claims.

The improvements hereinafter referred to relate to type-Writing machines of the character illustrated and more particularly described iu its general construction in Patent NOAMABSgrantedh/Iarch 3,1S91,andtherefore a particular description of several parts of the machine as herein shown will be unnecessary.

Referring to the drawings, Figure l is a plan, with portions removed and parts in section, of a machine embodying my invention. Fig. 2 is a longitudinal section on an enlarged scale, taken at X, Fig. l. Fig. 3 isa vertical section of the carriage-supporting Wheel or casting and adjacent parts on the line Y of Fig. l. Fig. isa vertical section of the spoolstandard, taken on the line Z of Fig. l. Fig. 5 is a rear elevation of the parts shown in Fig. 4, one of the ribbon-spools and its spindle being removed. Fig. 6 isa detailed plan of a portion of the bail. Fig. 7 is a horizontal section through the bearings of the typebracket. p Fig. 8 is a perspective of the adjusting-rivet employed in the type bracket, and Fig. 9 is a plan of the bail.

Like letters refer to like parts in all the iigures.

A is the platen of the machine, consisting of the coating or shell A', of rubber or other suitable material, and core A2, which is bored at each end for the reception of a gudgeon or journalA3, with which may be employed, if desired, a sleeve or lining A4. In either case the journal or gudgeon A3 should be fitted truly in the axial line of the platen, the object of the sleeve being to prevent undue Wear in t-he removal of the platen from the machine in the manner hereinafter described.

A5 is the usual metallic end piece employed on type-writer platens, and its hub A6 is screw-threaded for the reception of the similarly-threaded portion of the journal or gudgeon, which latter is extended through the standard or bracket on the carriage `in which the platen is journaled, and is provided with the usual line-feed ratchetA7. The opposite end of the platen is constructed in like manner, and the projecting journal has mounted thereon the bell A8.

Depending from the carriage at any suitable point is the bell-trip, connected in the usual manner with the hammer, which is arranged to strike the bell. The bell A8 serves as a'knob for rotating the platen when introducing paper into the machine.

B represents the carriage caster or roller, in front of which (see Fig. 3) is the dependin'g hook B which takes under a rod B2, eX- tending' across the base of the machine. The object of this rod is to prevent the carriage and platen thereon from being lifted upwardly from the base when the paper is being suddenly removed from the platen. This object is attained by reason of the hook B coming into contact with the rod B2. The said hook is preferably arranged a slight distance below the rod, so that no undue friction or resistance to the movement of the carriage across the machine Will be occasioned.

C, Figs. 1 and 2, represents a margin-gage. It consist-s of a plate having a slot C therein, and within the slot is mounted for movement a bell-trip-operating pin O2. I connect the pin` O2With the plate O in such a manner that it shallbe capable of movement along the plate and shall be held by friction at any desired point. In this instance the pin C2 has a comparatively broad base C3 and is perforated for the reception of a screw O4, which is passed, first, through a Washer C5, then through the slot O of the plate O, and then into the pin C2, as clearly shown in Fig. 2. Vhen struck at its upper end by the bell-trip, the force of the blow has a tendency to tilt the pin O2, which is strongly resisted by its frictional contact with the plate C, and therefore the pin is not moved along the slot in said plate; but when. force is applied near the base of the pin O2 by a finger it can be easily moved IOO along the slot, and in this manner a ready adjustment ci the machine to margins of desired width is accomplished.

D represents the usual type-bar-supporting plate employed in this particular class of machines, and D represents one of the typebar brackets, which is illustrated on a larger scale in Fig. 7.

D2 represents the type-bar, which in this instance has concave bearings to fit convexed bearings formed in. the arms of the bracket D, as clearly shown in Fig. 7. My improvement in this feature of the machine refers more particularly to rivet E, which is employed for securing the type-bar in the bracket. This rivet consists of the body E', the end of which is recessed, as shown at E2, and the head E3 of which. is eccentric to the axial line of the body, for a purpose hereinafter specified.

In constructing the brackets D the arms D3 thereof are usually more or less out of parallelism with each other. This parallelism can, if desired, be intentionally in the construction of the bracket, so that the other faces of the arms D3 are disposed at another than a right angle to the axial line of the pivot.

In assembling the type-bars to the bracket the rivet is passed through the arms and through the bearing of the bracket and is upset at its recessed end to fill the opening through which it passes more or less snugly. This opening maybe or not, as desired, countersunk, and the rivet may be upset to overlie or loop on the exterior face of the arm. In any event it is only desirable that the rivet should be prevented from withdrawal from the arm at its opposite end. Now it will be noticed by referring to Fig. that when the rivet having an eccentric head is rotated from the position shown in full lines to that shown by dotted lines it acts as a cam by coming into contact with the inclined face of the arm, and thus to draw the two arms snugly more or less against the bearings of the typebar. In this manner the wear of the bearings is taken up. This forms a valuable feature, in that there is great difculty in manufactu ring screw-threaded devices for binding the arms of the bracket to the bearings of the type-bar and for taking up the wear of the parts by reason of the required smallness of the screws and ineness of its threads. By my improvement these objections are obviated and a strong, serviceable, and adjustable construction is secured at one of the most delicate and readily-worn parts of the machine.

Referringnow to Figs. i and 5,F represents an oscillating ribbon-carrier having the diagonal turning-guides and connected with the universal bail of the machine. My improvement in this instance has reference to the particular means employed for automatically reversing the winding movement of the ribbon and for accomplishing other results new to be specified.

Referringto Fig. 9, G represents whatlhave designated as the universal bail of the machine. It consists of a single casting having the advantage of obviating the necessity of boring holes and making joints at exact distances and at the required points for the connection with the ordinary rock-shaft of the bridge-pieces and parallel bail-piece proper as these parts have heretofore been constructed. The bail G consists of the pivotbar G', countersunk at each end (shown by dotted lines G2) forthe reception of pivotscrews. Parallel to the pivot-bar G is the bail proper G3. At each end is a plain bridge and at the center is awidened bridge G",hav ing perforations G6 G7 therein. Extending beyond the pivot-bar G and opposite thecenter bridge G5 is a bracket GR, to the opposite edges of which are secured the side pieces of the ribbon-support F. In this instance I disclose a novel construction for the purpose of adjusting the inclination of the supportF with relation to the bracket G8, the purpose of which is to throw the inking-ribbon at the printing-point closer to or farther from the upper surface of the platen and preventing smearing of the paper by the ribbon. This construction for adjustment involves the pivot-screws F, passing through the plates F into the edge of the bracket G, and the shaft F2, having projections of some kind to pass through openings in said plates. The projections in this instance consist ol' screws F", seated eccentrically in the ends of the shaft F2. A hole or any wrench-hold F5 is formed in the shaft F2, so that the same can be readily rotated. In Fig. -t the eccentric projections F4 of the shaft F2 consist of pins. Now it will be readily seen that by rotating the shaft F2 the plates F are oscillated on the pivots F, whereby the ribbon-carrying ends 0f the plates are thrown forward or backward with relation to the printing-point of themachine.

II represents the lower end of the standard which carries the feed-pawls that co-operate with the usual rack-bar arranged longitudinally along the under side of the carriage. My improvement in this regard has reference to means for adjusting said standardin order to regulate the time of escapement of the pawls from the feed-rack on the carriage, and it consists in providing the binding-screw Il', having, preferably, a ball or convex face 112 on the side of its head toward its threaded body, which is fitted to a concave or countersunk bearing at the aperture G in the central bridge G5 of the bail. In the aperture GT there is threaded an adj Listing-screw Ils, which abuts against the lower end of the standard II, which lower end is for convenience and for illustration shown as beveled with relation toits sides, which Aare or may be parallel. By loosening slightly the screw Il and loosening or tightening the adjusting-screw HS the upper end of the standardr carrying the pawls will be tilted in a forwarderbackward IOO IIC

direction, as desired,lwhereby the escapement of the pawls from the rack-bar may be regulated with relation to the oscillation of the standard and of the bail upon which it is mounted.

I represents the spool and locking-plate-- supporting standard, which :is secured to the base I of the machine about opposite the printing-point. Near the top of the standard is a double-headed screw I2, and between the heads of said screw a cross-bar F of the ribbon-support F oscillates. p The distance between the heads of the screw I2 is sufficient to permit such oscillation of the ribbonsup port or carrier as will expose a character when impressed on the paper. By introducing a screw-driver between the ribbon-support and the platen the said screw may be run out or in, so as to cause different longitudinal portions of the ribbon-to be brought to the printing-point, it being understood that only a portion of the width of the ribbon Ais covered in making an impression. Thus the entire width of the ribbon may be subjected to use.

J represents the ribbon-spool, and J its ratchet, with which the spool is operativelyT connected. On the front of the standard Iis the pivot K of an oscillating plate K', which is substantially Tshaped, and on each arm of the T is supported an anti-friction roller K2. These rollers are arranged to run opposite that portion of the spool which carries the ribbon, so that when the spool is filled the roller and arm beneath thatspool are depressed, so as to tilt the plate K on its pivot. Projecting from the upper end of the plate K is a spring K5, which in this instance is in the form of a close coil to give it resiliency in all lateral directions, which spring is secured by. a screw K4 to the plate K. It may be secured in any desired manner. This spring projects p into a slot L, formed at the upper end of a plate L, mounted on a pivot L2, projecting from the back of the standard I. The plate L has formedthereon two lugs L2, which are shown projecting over each side of the plate in Fig. 5.

M M represent two locking-hooks, which are pivoted to the standard and in a plane passing back of the plate L by means of screws M. The upper ends of the locking-hooks are held apart by means of a two-arm spring N. At the lower end of the plate L there isjournaled a transverse shaft O, carrying at each end a pinion O', which is adapted to mesh with one of the spool-gears of ratchets J. Centrally on the shaft is a ratchet P, and on the face of the plate L is a detent P. The ribbon-support F carries a pawl Q, which by means of a spring Q is held upwardly against the ratchet I.

Projecting' forwardly from the plate K is a stud K5, and in each of the locking-hooks M is an ad j ustin g-screw M2. One of these screws is shown by dotted lines back of the lug K5 in Fig. 4. The object of the screws M2 is to provide an adjustable point of contact of the lug K5 with each of the locking-hooks, so as to adj ustably determine the extent of the escapement of each hook from the lugs LS of the plate L, as hereinafter described.

The key-levers R of the machine are arranged to bear on the bail-plate proper G2 of the bail, so that when depressed the bail Gis oscillated on its pivots, and the ribbon-support F is caused to approach the printingpoint, and when the key is released the ribbon-support recedes from over the printingpoint. In this movement of the ribbon-support the pawl Q actuates the ratchet I, which rotates the shaft O and its pinion O, andthe latter gives movement to the gear or ratchet J of that spool which is winding up the ribbon. When that spool becomes filled with ribbon, the roller K2 is depressed, so as to tilt the plate K and cause the spring K3 to bear yieldingly against the wall of the slot L of the plate L, which is toward the full spool.

The pressure of the springs K3 has a tendency to tilt the plate L to the right in Fig. 5. Such tilting, however, is prevented by the locking-hook M until in the displacement of the plate K and its lug K5, the latter makes contact with the adjusting-screw M2 in said locking-hook when said hook is disengaged from the lug L3 of the plate L, and said plate is then, by reason of the power stored in the spring K2, quickly tilted, carrying with it the pinion O from the winding spool-gear or ratchet and the opposite pinion O toward an intermesh with the gear or ratchet J of the opposite spool. In this manner the winding of the ribbon is automatically changed to be performed by the alternate spools when they become filled.

I d0 not confine myself to the exact details of construction herein shown and described, as I may alter the same in any manner and to any extent within the skill of persons conversant in the construction of type-writing machines, including simple reversals of the devices herein shown and described with relation to each other. For example, in the rivet employed for securing and taking Vup the wear of the type-bar bearings the inclination may exist in the end face of the rivethead instead of upon the outer surface of the bracket-arms.

It is apparent that the arms of the bracket need not be out of parallelism if a projection, inclined or otherwise, is formed on the outer surface of the arm, as shown at E, Fig. 7, nor is it necessary in such modification and similar ones that the head of the rivet should be eccentric. So in other respects such fea tures of construction may be reversed and still be apprehended by my invention.

l. A platen provided with a screw-threaded end casting and with a journal screw-threaded therein and extended axially and non-rotatablyinto the platen, substantially as specified.

2. The combination, with the carriage, of a IOO IIO

platen having removable journals adapted to lit the bearings in the carriage-stainlards and to be removably and non-rotatably connected with the platen, substantially as specified.

3. The combination, with thei platen, of the sleeve or lining, the screw-threaded end casting, and the journal having abearing outside of the end casting threaded to the casting fitted to the lining and projecting for the mounting of devices thereon outside of its bearings, substantially as specified.

4. A slotted gage-plate and a broad-based and taperedbodied pin frictionaliy held thereon, substantially as specified.

5. A slotted gage-plate and a broad-based and tapered-bodied pin frictionally held upon the plate by means ot a screw passing through the slot and into the pin, substantially as specified.

(3. The combination, with a type-bar and a bracket, of a rivet having an eccentric head movable for adjustment, as set forth.

7. The combination, with a type-bar and a bracket, of a rivet connecting the same and constructed to tighten its dratt by its rotation, as set forth.

S. The combination, with a type-bar and its bracket, of a rotatable rivet with a projec tion between the bracket and the under face of the head of the rivet, substantially as specified.

i). A bail comprising a pivot-bar, a bail proper, and connectingbridges, the central bridge being widened to form a point of attachment for a dog-standard, all formed in one piece, substantially as specified.

10. The combination, with a bail and a ribbon-support, oi an eccentric-rod for adjusting the support on the bail, substantially as specified.

1l. The combination, with the ribbonsup' port, of a bracket to which the support is pivoted and of an eccentric-rod extending from side to side of the support and having a bearing in the bracket, substantially as specified.

12. The combination, with a bail and with a dogsta1nlard,of an attaching-screw and an adj usting screw connecting the bail and standard, substantially as specified.

13. The combination, with a bail and a dogstandard, of an adjusting-screw connecting the bail and standard, substantially as specified.

14. The combination, with a movable ribbon-support, of a screw having two fiangesor heads, one of each arranged at opposite sides in the path of the support, substantially as specified.

15. The combination, with the ribbon-support and a platen, of a ribbon-support-adjusting screw arranged for access between the support and platen, substantially as specified.

1G. The combination, in the ribbonsupport having a cross-bar and a double-headed screw arranged with a head upon each sideof the cross-bar, of a pawl mounted on the support, and a ratchet mounted on a shaft carrying pinions and adapted to oscillate, whereby the pin'ions may be thrown into and out of: mesh with suitable gearing for operating the spools, substantially as specified.

17. The combination, with the ribbon-sup port and with a pawl mounted thereon, of an oscillating plate carrying a shaft provided with a ratchet and with pinions, and ribbonspools provided with gears, and a device operatively connected to tilt the pinion and ratchet-carrying plate by pressure exerted by the ribbon, substantially as specified.

1S. The combination, with the ribbon-support, of a tilting plate carrying a shaft provided with pinions and with a ratchet, and a secondary plate operated by a ribbon, and connecting mechanism between the two tilting plates, substantially as specified.

19. The combination, with the ribbon-support, ot' a tilting plate carrying a shaft provided with pinions and with a ratchet, and a secondary tilting plate operated by the ribbon, and resilient connecting mechanism, substantially as specified.

20. The combination, with the ribbon-support, ot a plate carrying a shaft provided with pinions and with a ratchet, and a Secondary tilting plate operated by the ribbon, and resilient connecting mechanism consisting of a closed coiled spring, substantially as specified.

2l. The combination, with the ribbon-support having a pawl, of an oscillating plate carrying ratchet and pinion devices and having lugs, locking-hooks, and means for releasing the same, substantially as specified.

The combination, with a ribbon-support and a tilting plate carrying pinion andratchet mechanism and lugs, of locking-hooks and mechanism for tilting the plate and rcleasing the hooks, substantially as specified.

The combination, with an oscillating plate carrying spool-operating mechanism, ol a secondary tilting plate carrying devices projected into the path of the ribbon, substantially as specified.

24. The combination, with a type-bar and a type-bar bracket having an inclined arm, of a rivet having an eccentric head, snbstantially as specified.

In testimony whereof I affix my signature in presence of two witnesses.

CHARLES SPIRO.

, ivitnesses:

J. FREUDENTHAL, C. W. STUBBINGS. 

